Molekulární fyziologie kanálů T-typu aktivovaných nízkým napětím u neuropatických bolestí

Nízkonapěťově aktivované iontové kanály se významně podílí na přenosu signálu ve vzestupné dráze bolesti. Jejich elektrofyziologické a biochemické vlastnosti jim umožňují regulovat neuronální excitabilitu a uvolňování neurotransmiterů. Změny v elektrických proudech spojovaných s nervovými poruchami včetně neuropatické bolesti a epilepsie, jsou spojovány s tímto subtypem vápenných kanálů, naznačujíc tak jejich zásadní roli v modulaci neuronální odpovědi na různé obtěžující stimuly. Povícero nemocí, jako třeba cukrovka, rakovina nebo chronický úraz nervu, jsou doprovázeny bolestivými neuropatickými stavy. Specifické inhibitory T-typu kanálů vykazují zlehčující účinky na neuropatickou bolest na zvířecích modelech, ukazujíce tak jejich potenciál k vývoji nových typů léků možná učinnějších než tradiční analgetika, která vykazují malý efekt při léčbě neuropatické bolesti.Low-voltage activated T-type channels contribute significantly to signal transmission in ascending pain pathway. Their electrophysiological and biochemical properties allow them to modulate neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release. Alterations of electric currents associated with a number of neuronal disorders, including neuropathic pain and epilepsy, have been linked to this subtype of calcium channel, suggesting its prominent role in modulation of neuronal response to various noxious stimuli. Multiple diseases, such as diabetes, cancer or chronic nerve injury, are accompanied by painful neuropathic conditions. Specific inhibitors of T-type channels have been demonstrated to alleviate symptoms of neuropathic pain in mouse models, showing their potential for development of novel type of drugs possibly more effective than traditional analgesics, which exhibit minor effect in neuropathic pain treatment.Department of Genetics and MicrobiologyKatedra genetiky a mikrobiologiePřírodovědecká fakultaFaculty of Scienc

Molecular physiology of low-voltage-activated T-type channels in neuropathic pain

Low-voltage activated T-type channels contribute significantly to signal transmission in ascending pain pathway. Their electrophysiological and biochemical properties allow them to modulate neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release. Alterations of electric currents associated with a number of neuronal disorders, including neuropathic pain and epilepsy, have been linked to this subtype of calcium channel, suggesting its prominent role in modulation of neuronal response to various noxious stimuli. Multiple diseases, such as diabetes, cancer or chronic nerve injury, are accompanied by painful neuropathic conditions. Specific inhibitors of T-type channels have been demonstrated to alleviate symptoms of neuropathic pain in mouse models, showing their potential for development of novel type of drugs possibly more effective than traditional analgesics, which exhibit minor effect in neuropathic pain treatment

Investigation of flow in axial stage of experimental turbine

The contribution deals with investigation of flow in the axial stage of the experimental turbine with reaction blading. The main intention is to evaluate an effect of the secondary flows on the efficiency. Most important source of the secondary flows is an outflow from the seal above the rotor shroud. Other sources of the secondary flows are axial gaps between the rotor disc and the side walls of the stator blade channel and the outlet diffuser. Results of the numerical simulation are compared with the experimental data. In this work there is also studied possibility of transfer the outlet dissipation structures at the inlet of the stage as an approach to modelling of the multistage configuration